Object Oriented Database

There are four basic types of databases: flat file databases, relational databases, object databases, and object relational databases. Each type is characterized by the way it stores and access data. The most popular type of databases are relational databases. Relational databases organizes data in multiple related simple tables [1]. This method is easy to use and very efficient with relatively simple data, however when using BIM technologies relational databases are inadequate. That is when object oriented databases (OODB) come into play.

When relational databases store information in the form of real numbers or simple string of texts, OODB store data in the form of objects. Objects in OODB are defined by attributes which defines the characteristic of the objects and methods which specify the behavior of that object. Therefore OODB contain not only data but also code. This type of databases are ideal when complex data need to be stored, and accessed rather quickly. OODB also provides redundancy which is quite useful when storing a large quantity of complex data.

Despite the great popularity of relational databases, their limitations when it came to BIM were quite apparent. Relational databases would require a great amount of time to break down objects into simple data that could fit in tables. Because of this, navigation and access to the data could be painstakingly long. In addition, relational databases scale information “vertically” which means that the data must be stored on one super server [2]. Such a big server can be quite expensive, especially as the amount of data increases and gets more complex. That is why most BIM software is based on OODB. OODB allows for “horizontal” scaling of the data, which means that it can be stored on multiple small servers.

Researching databases and their usage in BIM helps shade light on the way this process works, as well as the role of technological advancement in the field. I had no prior knowledge about databases, and reading about the functioning of OODB helped me visualize how Revit or other similar software might work.  

Responses to other posts:

Yoon's Post: You and I basically took the same approach on the subject. I like the way you structured your post, it makes it easy to understand WHAT OODB are and HOW they differ from other databases type. This is the part I struggled with. I had to read a lot about databases to understand the simple concept of OODB, and they way they are used in BIM. Do you think it's possible to truly understand that without an extensive knowledge on databases? I also like that you mentioned the future of OODB. I did not felt as though I understood the concept well enough to make such projections. 

Wang's Post: I enjoyed reading your post. It was much more technical than mine and I feel you might have a better understanding than me on the subject. I like that you mentioned the set-backs of OODB because it allowed me to nuance the praises I read on the subject. It also showed me that BIM is a relatively new technology since the tool for its execution is also quite new.   

References:

[1] "Object Oriented Databases." The Computer Technology Documentation Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014.

[2] Long, N., K. Fleming, and L. Brackney. An Object-Oriented Database for Managing Building Modeling Components and Metadata. NREL, 16 Nov. 2011. Web. 11 Feb. 2014.

Week 6: Object Oriented Databases - Yoon (Group C)

Object-Oriented Database (OODB)


Computer Database has become the main source of power to all source of complicated work. In buildings, there's no exception. From design to demolish, single building could contain so much information that needs to be managed properly to maximize the performance. In the evolution of computer technology, Object-Oriented Database(OODB) has rapidly accepted among users to perform much faster and more accurately. Especially, when Architecture, Engineering, and Construction come together, BIM models has been developed with large quantity of information. To handle that much information, OODBs take a big role in the industry.

Traditionally, computer database applications has very simple data types which requires not much details in each data. In the early ages, relatively few data types were required due to lack of importance of micro specifications and interaction with different firms. Over time, number of data expended exponentially and more complex data types were developed based on the merging the purpose of databases. One of the good example is used in retail store. A single string in the bar code could contain so much information about the product name, price, manufacturer, quality of products and etc.

"Object-oriented" method is based on encapsulating all the information into a single code. Designer can easily code them respect to its purpose of database. This of method is applied in computer-aided design, computer-aided software engineering, and multimedia and image databases, and document/hypertext databases. They let users have a better interactions with object-oriented languages through Java and C++.

OODB is formed with many different objects. Similar objects are grouped into a class. In the same class, all objects have the same variable(with same type), message interface, and methods. Each object has associated with a set of variables that contain data. It also has associated with messages and methods where each message has zero, one, or more values, and each method is a body of code to implement a message. A method returns a value as the response to the message. Messages and methods are interactive. Methods can be read-only or update methods. Read-only method don't change value of the object.

Like Nameita mentioned, database can be used based on different purposes. In her blog, relational Data based is the most common database which OODBs are most adequate to being used. The relational data base is not only easy to create, but also easy to understand. They are basically formed with rows and columns which is similar to MS Excel  of information which interacts with each other. These objects are being used in BIM like revit model. David's post mention about how complex objects are made up of simple objects. These objects are similar to Nameita's Database objects, but used in complex way with computer programming.

As the BIM advances in the future, OODB would also be used more friendly in many different aspects. Without any major war, economic crash, or natural disaster occurring,  intelligent infrastructures and intelligent buildings could take off by 2025 as ryan mentioned in his blog. In this rapid growth in the BIM world, owners, architects, and construction managers all should adapt it as a new era and for better performance of the building.



References:

http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ObjectOrientedDatabase
http://odbms.org/download/005.01%20Chandler%20Introduction%20to%20Object-Oriented%20Databases%20September%201998.pdf